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The PPTS of UNIT 6 Steam Generators [UNIT 6 ,SPPU, Engineering Thermodynamics]covers by two different PPTs ,PPT1 explains all topics one by one on total 86 slide shares and PPT2 covers total 16 slide shares.
Each can be explained in short below
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click here 👉 for or other PPTs like unit1 which covers Lecture 1, Lacture2, Lacture3 and Lecture 4 similarly unit 2 covers ideal Gas and Second law of thermodynamics unit3 covers Entropy and availability unit4 covers properties of pure substance , thermodynamics of vapour cycle unit 5 covers Fuel and combustion and unit 6 steam generator and boiler draft.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION OF BOILERS
CLASSIFICATION OF BOILERS
CONSTRUCTINAL DETAILS OF LOW PRESSURE AND HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS
BOILER MOUNTINGS
ACCESSOREIES
IBR ACT (INDIAN BOILER REGULATION )
IBR AND NON IBR BOILERS
ANALYSIS OF BOILERS
INTRODUCTION OF BOILERS
CLASSIFICATION OF BOILERS
CONSTRUCTINAL DETAILS OF LOW PRESSURE AND HIGH PRESSURE BOILERS
BOILER MOUNTINGS
ACCESSOREIES
IBR ACT (INDIAN BOILER REGULATION )
IBR AND NON IBR BOILERS
ANALYSIS OF BOILERS
BOILER
It is a closed vessel used for generation of the steam at high pressure & temperature from water.
(23 liters or about 5 Gallon)
OR Steam is produced in a closed vessel called boilers.
OR
A closed metallic vessel in which the water is heated beyond the boiling state by the application of heat liberated by the combustion of fuels to convert it into steam.
This steam is used in :-
steam turbines used for power generation,
reciprocating steam engines,
process heating in plants like sugar,
cotton mills, cleaning for cloths.
dairies,
rubber factories, etc.
APPLICATION OF BOILERS
Boiler is used for
In thermal power plant-for power generation
In sugar factories-for production of sugar
In chemical industries- for heating, assisting chemical reactions
Refineries- for heating
FUNCTION OF BOILER
To supply steam at the required constant pressure with its quality either
wet
dry or
superheated Steam
1. Shell – store of water for heating in Cylindrical vessel contains closed by steel plates.
2. Furnace – Grate to burn coal or burner to atomize & burn liquid fuel.
3. Grate: A place at which solid fuel is burnt. it is placed in furnace
4. Mountings: these provides for safe working of boilers.
5. Accessories: these are used to improver the efficiency of boilers
6.Chimney or stack : this carries hot products of combustion and discharge them high up the atmosphere hazards of hot gases and ash.REQUIREMENT OF A GOOD BOILER
It should have high thermal efficiency.
mud and other deposits should not be collected on heated plates.
Capable to generate steam at desired pressure and quantity
Light weight & occupy less floor area
Leak proof
Simple installation
Start quickly
Minimum installation, initial, and maintenance cost
Parts should be easily accessible or approachable for cleaning and inspection
FACTORS TO BE CONSIDER WHILE SELECTING A BOILER
Operating Pressure and steam generation rate
Floor space requirement
Quantity of steam
Availability of fuel and water
Power requirement
Cost of installation and erection
cost of space required
Type of boiler to be designed (fire tube, water tube etc.) according to available resources and desired output.
Calculations associated with boiler design. The thermal calculations, involve net heat transfer, heat loss, work done, and efficiency of the system. While mechanical calculations include load bearing capacity (limit of pressure it can withstand before bursting) of drum of boiler, thermal expansion of metal piping and stresses produced due to heating of pipes, etc.
Software available to calculate the necessary parameters.
Auto-CAD ,Pro-V or other designing software for boilers.
Types of grates and furnaces used according to fuel used and cost
MATERIALSELECTION
Selection of the materials to be used is a very important step in designing boilers.
Factors to be considered including tensile strength, safety, cost, efficiency, as well as economic and the environmental matters.
A boiler shell may be made of of wrought iron or steel, while tubes may be made of brass or copper. Cast iron, ductile iron, carbon steel and aluminum are generally used for the body or valves.
CONSIDERATIONS
Safety: In the past, improper design of boilers has caused accidents which led to loss of life and property. By designing a safe boiler, mishaps can be avoided and resources can be saved.
Modeling: Mathematical modeling can determine how much space a boiler will need and the type of materials to be used.
Estimates: Predicting the response of system to inputs and its surroundings helps save the cost of trial and error.
Classification of Boiler
Classification of Boiler
A) According to the Relative position of water & Hot gases
1. Fire Tube 2. Water Tube
B ) According to the Method of Furnace
1. Internally Fired 2. Externally Fired
C) According to the Axis of shell
1. Horizontal 2. Vertical 3. Inclined
D) According to the circulation Method of water & Steam
1. Natural circulation 2. Forced circulation
E) According to the Mobility
1. Stationary Boilers 2. Mobile Boilers
F) According to the Number of tubes
1. Single tube boiler 2. . Multitubuler boiler
Fire Tube Boiler
Fire tube boiler
The hot flue gases produced by the combustion of fuels are led through a tube around which water circulates
Example : Lancashire boiler
TO More Follow The PPT 1
PPT 2
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